नवीनतम कृषि समाचार

Mustard oil in India is used as edible oil in almost all homes. Mustard cultivation in India is done in Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Maharashtra, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh. The main thing of mustard cultivation is that it can be grown in both irrigated and irrigated fields. Mustard is the third most important oilseed crop in the world after soybean and palm. Mustard oil as well as mustard leaves are mainly used to prepare vegetables. Mustard cake is also made, which is used to feed milch cattle. Along with the domestic market, the farmers have got a great feeling of mustard this year due to the increase in the demand for mustard in the international markets. At the same time, the central government has also increased its minimum support price.

Take special care of these things before cultivating mustard 

Before cultivating mustard, some things have to be kept in mind, so that we can get proper yield of crop, they are:-

Mustard suitable soil

Generally mustard cultivation can be done in every type of soil. However, the Balui loam soil with a single and better drainage is the most suitable for getting a brilliant yield of mustard. However, it should not be salty and barren land.

How to prepare mustard field 

Mustard cultivation requires a bright soil, the field should first plough the soil with a plough. After this, two to three ploughing should be done through native plough or cultivator. After ploughing it, it is very important to keep the moisture in the field and to level the fields. By applying it, both time and water are saved in irrigation.

Quantity of seeds

For your information , for the sowing of mustard crops in the fields where there is adequate means of irrigation, 5 to 6 kg of seeds should be used at the rate of 5 to hectare. The amount of mustard seeds may be different in the fields where there is not enough means of irrigation. Explain that the amount of seed depends on the basis of the variety of crops. If the time period of the crop is for more days, then the amount of seeds will be reduced. If the crop is of short time, then the amount of seed will be high.

Advanced varieties of mustard 

For mustard cultivation, it is also necessary to have knowledge of its advanced varieties, so that more yields can be achieved. Various types of mustard varieties are different for irrigated areas and unirrigated areas.

1. RH (RH) 30: Both irrigated areas and unirrigated areas are good for sowing with wheat, gram and barley in both conditions.

2. T59 (Varuna): This variety provides good yields in areas where there is no availability of means of irrigation. Its yield is 15 to 18 quintals per hectare in the unirrigated area. The amount of oil in its rash is 36 percent.

3. Pusa Bold: Ashirwad (RK): This variety is suitable for late sowing (from 25 October to 15 November).

4. NRC HB (NRC HB) 101: These varieties provide good yields in areas where adequate irrigation is provided. These varieties provide production ranging from 20 to 22 quintals per hectare.

When and how to irrigate mustard crop

In the mustard crop, the first irrigation should be done in 25 to 30 days and the second irrigation should be done in the stage of filling the grains in the fruits. If there is rain in the winter, even if the other irrigation is not done, even a good yield can be achieved. The field should not be irrigated at the time of flowering in mustard.

Irrigation in mustard crops should generally be done through bandage methods. Irrigation should be done by making a bandage of 4 to 6 metres wide according to the size of the farm. By irrigation by this method, the distribution of water is equal in the entire field.

Use of fertiliser and fertiliser in mustard cultivation

For your information, tell that for the fields where there is not enough irrigation means of irrigation, 6 to 12 rotten cow dung, 160 to 170 kg of urea, 250 kg single super phosphate, 50 kg of muret and potash and 200 kg It is appropriate to mix in the field before sowing gypsum. Mix half the quantity of urea at the time of sowing and half the remaining quantity in the field after the first irrigation. For the fields where there is no suitable means of irrigation, 4 to 5 tons of rotten cow dung, 85 to 90 kg of urea, 125 kg single super phosphate, 33 kg muret and potash per hectare are put in the field.

Weed control in mustard cultivation

In mustard cultivation, dense plants should be expelled from the field in 15 to 20 days of sowing. Along with this, their mutual distance should be made 15 cm. To eliminate weeds, weeding must be done in mustard fields before irrigation. In the event of weeds not destroyed, weeding and weeding should also be done after second irrigation. To control weeds by chemical method, within 2 to 3 days after sowing, the 3.3 litres of 3 to 3 days of pendimethalin 30 EC chemicals should be mixed with 600 to 800 litres of water and sprayed at the rate of per hectare.

Mustard crop harvesting and storage

When 75% of the legumes turn golden in mustard crop, then the seeds should be separated by cutting the crop by machine or by hand, drying or pouring it. Mustard seeds should be stored only when the seeds dried in the best way.

Mustard production from cultivation

In areas where there is not enough irrigation, it can yield from 20 to 25 quintals per hectare and areas where there are adequate irrigation arrangements. There can be achieving 25 to 30 quintals per hectare.

Mustard market price and earnings

The central government has fixed the minimum support price (MSP) of mustard by Rs 150 per quintal to Rs 5200 per quintal this year. Last year, the minimum support price of mustard was Rs 5050. Due to the increasing demand and lack of availability of mustard, this time the open markets are getting more than the minimum support price. Mustard is getting 6500 to 9500 rupees per quintal in open markets. Farmers can sell their crops in the major mandis of India where the price is high. In addition, direct contact with oil processing companies can also be sold directly to companies. At the same time, farmers can also sell their crops to traders in the open market. Explain that this year the mustard crop has given good prices to the farmers. Farmers are expected to get good mustard prices even further.

There is good news for the farmers of Haryana who cultivate mustard. State Chief Secretary Sanjeev Kaushal says that during the Rabi season, the government will purchase mustard, gram, sunflower and summer moong from farmers at the fixed MSP. Also, sunflower oil will be supplied through fair price shops in 5 districts from March.

What has the Chief Secretary said about the production of crops?

In a meeting, the Chief Secretary said that 50 thousand 800 metric tonnes of sunflower, 14 lakh 14 thousand 710 metric tonnes of mustard, 26 thousand 320 metric tonnes of gram and 33 thousand 600 metric tonnes of summer moong are expected to be produced this season. The Chief Secretary said that Haryana State Warehousing Corporation, Food and Supplies Department and HAFED have also ordered to start preparations to start procurement of mustard, summer moong, gram and sunflower in Mandis.

Also read: Mustard Cultivation: Good income at low cost

When will the government start procuring mustard?

The government will start procurement of mustard at the rate of Rs 5,650 per quintal in the last week of March. Similarly, gram will be purchased from farmers at the rate of Rs 5 thousand 440 per quintal. From May 15, summer moong will be purchased at the rate of Rs 8 thousand 558 per quintal. Similarly, sunflower will be purchased from June 1 to 15 at the rate of Rs 6760 per quintal.

Those who commit negligence will not be spared

The Chief Secretary has asked the officers to make all necessary arrangements for the convenience of farmers during the procurement process and make payment for the purchased produce within three days. At the same time, he said that those who are negligent in work will not be spared at all. With this decision, farmers will also get a fair price for their produce.

Anyone can save a lot of money by growing potatoes at home. This is a vegetable which is used in every dish. Potato is a vegetable which is used in every household. It is the most commonly used vegetable in Indian homes. Potato curry is prepared in different ways in homes. But do you know that you can grow it at home also? After planting it at home, the hassle of buying potatoes from the market will be eliminated, let's know the easy way to plant it at home.

Take special care of these things while growing potatoes

If you want to grow potatoes at home, then choose good seeds. To grow potatoes, you should choose only certified seeds. Apart from this, you can also use potatoes as seeds. If you are using potatoes, then use the seeds with white buds or sprouts visible. Because of this, plants will emerge soon.

Also read: Detailed information on potato farming

Soil plays an important role in the cultivation of potatoes or any other crop. For this you should take excellent soil and add good fertilizer to it. For this you can use 50 percent soil, 30 percent vermi compost and 20 percent coco peat. Mix all these things and plant them in a big pot.

Grow better potatoes at home

Bury the potato seedlings 5-6 inches below the soil in the pot, container or bed. Cover it properly and add water. You can also use big pots from the market, grow bags, any old bucket or container at home. 

According to new report of NCRB, there has been a incline in Suicide cases of people involved in agricultural sector. According to the latest news of National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB), a consistent incline in deaths of farmers and agricultural people because of suicides in year 2022. According to latest updates,  National Crime Records Bureau ( NCRB) figures show that almost 11,290 suicide cases are seen last year in the country. 

For your reference, there has been an increase of 3.7 percent in 2021. 10,281 deaths were registered during this period. An increase of 5.7 percent is seen as compared to 2020. According to 2022 figures, at least one farmer died every hour in India. Along with this, this increase in suicide of farmers can be observed since 2019, when 10,281 deaths were registered in NCRB data. News says, recent years were not proven to be awesome for agriculture in India. There has been unexpected rain and drought conditions in many cities, due to which standing crops have been devastated. Whereas, prices of fodder are also reaching heights. 

How many people from agricultural sector attempted suicide 

According to report, 53 percent (6,083) farmers are labour as compared to 11,290 people who attempted suicide and were involved in farming. In recent years, the dependency of requirements of crop production for the personal income of an average farmer family is increasing on wages earned from farming. In year 2022,  4,999 people of 5,207 suicide attempts were male farmers, and 208 females were also involved.

No suicides in these states 

In 6,083 farmers involved in suicide, 5,472 were males and 611 females are involved. 4,248 cases in Maharashtra, 2,392 cases in Karnataka, 917 in Andhra farmers reported suicide. According to reports, there has been no farmers suicide registered in the states of Uttrakhand, Goa, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura, Chandigarh, West Bengal, odisha, Bihar, lakshdweep and puducherry.

The government continuously operates various schemes for the benefit of the farmers. Currently The government is running a scheme named “Kusum” for cooperation in the agriculture sector, which one can take advantage of .  Solar pump is a means by which the farmers get relief from the electricity bill. It is also very beneficial for the environment. Under various schemes of the government grants are provided to farmers for installing solar pump . Talking  of  its cost,  it depends on the irrigation requirements in the agricultural process, the nature of the soil of the field and the capacity of the solar pump. You can also take advantage of the government's schemes for the installation of solar pumps. The government provides grants to farmers for installing solar pumps under many schemes

What percentage of subsidy is being provided to the farmers  under the Kusum Scheme?

Let us make you aware that Kusum is also one of these schemes under which farmers are provided with a grant of 60% for the installation of the solar pumps  as the reports suggest these Solar pumps are provided free of cost to panchayats and cooperative societies too besides farmers apart from it . In addition to it the government also provides loans up to 30% of the cost for setting up solar pump plants around the farms . This is the reason that the farmers have to invest around only 10% of the total in the project . With the support of this scheme  the farmers can resolve the problems they face while irrigation and wouldn’t have to manage unwanted expenses of diesel pumps and electricity bills

As the New Year approaches, the cold has started increasing rapidly, due to which the lives of common people are being greatly affected. There are also difficulties in doing farming-related work during winter. In such a situation, the Meteorological Department has increased the concern of the farmers even more. According to the Meteorological Department, there will be severe cold in the coming days. According to IMD, the temperature is expected to go below zero in many places. Now in such a situation, farmers need to be more careful.

There is a great possibility of a crisis for farmers.

India Meteorological Department (IMD) has warned of severe cold in North India. During this period the temperature can go below zero degrees Celsius. Farmers may have to face various types of difficulties due to cold. Due to this, farmers can face maximum problems. They include farmers who produce fruits, vegetables, and other crops.

 Also read: Due to weather in the coming days, farmers will suffer loss or get huge profit

What measures should farmers take?

Keep fruit and vegetable crops covered.

 Make arrangements to keep the animals warm. Provide an appropriate amount of fodder and water to them on time.

Which areas will feel colder?

Apart from the hilly areas, states like Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, and Haryana will experience severe colds in the coming days.

Horticulture suffers a lot due to seasonal changes.

Let us tell you that due to the increase in cold, fruit and vegetable crops can suffer a lot of damage. Let us tell you that crops like cabbage, peas, onion, tomato, brinjal, and potato can be harmed. Farmers will have to take great care to protect these crops from cold. Also, seed germination of paddy crops may be delayed due to cold. Due to this, the yield of paddy crops can be significantly affected. Apart from this, the risk of animals falling ill increases due to cold. Farmers should take utmost care to protect animals from cold.

The effect of insects on crops can be seen even during winter. In such a situation, the farmer will have to take special care of some important things.  Some farmers believe that insects do not occur inside crops during winter. However, the truth is that even in the winter season, your crop can be attacked by insects. To conserve the fruit from insects, you have to take care of some important things. According to experts, the problem of pests in crops during winter is a common thing. At this time the temperature is low, the incidence of this insects decreases. However, they do not end completely. Some insects can cause a lot of damage to the crop even in winter, due to which farmers should take care of some special things for protection.

Farmers should do farming under the supervision of agricultural experts

During the winter season, farmers should monitor the crops regularly. Pay special attention to the initial symptoms of insects. Also, do necessary work for the control pests. If insects are planted in the standing crop in your fields, use the required pesticides at the appropriate time. Sprinkle them in appropriate quantities, for which farmers can take help from agricultural experts.

Also read: Major diseases and diseases manage in mustard crop

What can farmers spray ?

Experts say that crops may be caused by changes in weather. Farmers can spray the trichoderma, Harjonium medicine to get convenience from  insects. Insects can affect the yield of crops. This challenge can be overcome by spraying pesticides on the crop. The winter season in India lasts from October to March. This temperature is very favourable for rabi crops. The main crops of the Rabi season are millet, peas, mustard, tomatoes, wheat, barley and gram etc.