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Farmers should protect their wheat crops from these diseases
Crops Food Crops

Farmers should protect their wheat crops from these diseases

Due to seasonal changes, pests and diseases affecting the standing wheat crop can cause a lot of trouble. Farmers should deal with it by taking the right steps at an appropriate time otherwise the entire crop may go to waste.

 

Presently wheat crop is grown in the fields. Continuous changes are being seen in the weather. Sometimes it rains and sometimes cold wave continues to wreak havoc, hence due to changes in weather, pests and diseases affecting the standing wheat crop can cause a lot of problems. Farmer brothers should deal with it by taking the right steps on time otherwise the entire crop may go to waste. There is not just one type of disease in wheat but different types of diseases. Farmers are advised to maintain and monitor their crops regularly.

 

Mahu or Lahi

Mahu or Lahi insects are black, green, and brown with wings and wingless. Its infants and adults suck the juice from leaves, flowers, and earrings. Due to this, there is huge damage to the crop and the crop gets ruined. Let us tell you about the advice given by scientists to save the crop from the attack of this insect.

 

Also read: Know how to cultivate yellow mustard?

 

Sow the crop on time.

Do not use insecticides if the number of ladybird wasps is sufficient.

Apply a yellow noose or sticky substance on a yellow tin sheet and make it stand in the field with the support of wood. Flying Lahi will stick to it.

Spray 50 grams of Thiomethoxam 25 percent WG per hectare or Quinalphos 25 percent EC in 2 ml per liter of water.

Harda disease

According to scientists, the possibility of attack and spread of this disease increases due to drop in atmospheric temperature after rain in this season. Brown and yellow spots are found on the leaves and stems of wheat plants. Preventive measures should be taken as soon as the environment becomes favorable for this disease.

 

Select disease-resistant varieties at the time of sowing.

Before sowing, seed treatment should be done with 2 grams of Carbendazim 50 percent soluble powder or 5 grams of organic fungicide per kilogram of seeds.

 

Also read: Mustard crop diseases and their prevention measures

 

As soon as a suitable environment for the fungus is created in the standing crop, spray 2 kg of Mancozeb 75 percent soluble powder, 500 ml of Propiconazole 25 percent EC per hectare, or 1 ml of Tebuconazole EC per liter of water.

 

Alternaria Blight

Due to Alternaria blight disease, spots are formed on the leaves, which later turn yellow and scorch the edges. To control this disease, spray 2 kg of Macozeb 75 percent soluble powder or 2 kg of Geneve 75 percent soluble powder per hectare.

 

Kidney disease

In Kalika disease, the black dust of fungus fills the ears in place of the grains. Even a healthy ear gets infected due to fungal spores falling in the air. This is a seed-borne disease. Farmer brothers should keep these things in mind to prevent this disease.

 

Also read: Farmers producing wheat must be aware of these diseases.

 

Sow disease-free seeds.

-Sow the seeds after treating them with Carbendizing 50 soluble powder at the rate of 2 grams per kilogram.

-Carefully cover the infested ear along with the grain with a plastic bag and destroy it after cutting.

-Do not use diseased farm produce as seeds.

The Bihar government has set up a 24-hour call center for the convenience of farmers. Here farmers can get solutions to their problems by contacting toll-free number 15545 or 18003456268.
20-Jan-2024
Different types of Rust diseases found in wheat crop
Crops Food Crops

Different types of Rust diseases found in wheat crop


After rice, wheat is one of the most important crops grown in India. Wheat is sown in the Rabi season. But for the production of wheat farmers have to go through a lot of difficulties. Mainly farmers have to face losses due to different plant diseases in the wheat crop. There are different types of diseases that wheat crop can catch but the disease that harms the most are rust related diseases. Rust diseases are of three types mainly brown rust,  black rust and yellow rest.


Leaf rust/ Brown rust

Piccinia Recondita Triticeae is the fungus that causes brown rust and is found nationwide in India. This disease begins from the Himalayas and North India and from the Nilgiri Hills in South India and after staying a live in These areas at Travels via air and water to the Planes and infecting the wheat crop in the plane areas.


Identification: This infection can be identified by the pattern of its growth in the start Orange coloured dots appear randomly on the leaves of plants and gradually these increase and cover the entire leaves, foliage and the stems of the plant. These leaves start to die and hinder the sunlight. This also results in decreased size and weight of the wheat grains. With increasing temperature the colour of these parts on the underside of the leaf turns black and after this point the disease does not expand further. This disease can cause a 30% reduction in the total produce.


Stripped rust/ Yellow rust

It is caused by a fungus called puccinia Striiformis. Symptoms of this infection are the appearance of yellow stripes on the leaf and with time these spread gradually to the entire leaf surface. Yellow powder is also found fallen on the ground in this situation the crop is said to have yellow rust disease. If the infection starts before the tillering stage the crop does not mature. This infection starts from the foothills of the Himalayas and spreads to the northern plains. It decreases with increasing temperature and the yellowness of the leaves goes black. In the central and South India due to high temperatures this disease is generally not found.


Stem rust/ Black rust

It is caused by a fungus called puccinia Graminis Triticeae. It starts in the Nilgiri and Palni Hills and is generally found in the south and Central India. This infection reaches North India at the time of ripening of the crop. This is why its effect is negligible in North India. This disease generally spreads above 20 degree celsius temperature. It's symptoms are the appearance of chocolate colour on the stem and the leaves on the plant. The different varieties of seeds sold in the central and southern part of India are generally resistant to black Rust. But varieties like Lok-1 are prone to infection by Black rest. In recent years new varieties of this fungus U.G.-99 has been found in some African countries.


Controlling the infection


To cure these three diseases farmers should adopt scientific methods to fight Rust. Spraying the following Chemicals as required can control wheat rust disease: Propiconazole(Tilt 25%EC) or tridimefan belitan 25%EC or spraying Techonazole (1ml in 1000L). Fungicides can be spread after 15 days as per the requirement.
11-Dec-2023