Guava

Black guava is very beneficial not only for income but also for human health. Today we will give you information about its amazing properties as well as its cultivation.

 We all know about guava very well. Today we are also familiar with many information about its cultivation. But, the guava that we are going to discuss. It is different from the category of normal guava and not only this, the color of this guava is also completely different from the rest of the guava.

Black guava is grown in these places inside India

Black guava is produced in Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh of India. But, if we compare it with other guavas, then it is grown in very small quantities. The biggest feature of this plant is that it is not only guava in black color, but you will also see blackness clearly in its leaves and tree. If we talk about the price of this guava, then it is the highest compared to the rest of the guavas.

 Also read: Japanese Red Diamond Guava Can Make Farmers 3 Times More Income Than Normal Guava

Black guava is rich in nutrients

For your information, let us know that if we talk about nutrients in black guava, then it is a medicinal fruit. Antioxidants are found in the highest amount in it. Along with this, if we talk about the rest of its elements, then there are many multivitamins and minerals along with vitamin-A, vitamin-B, vitamin C, calcium and iron inside it. In a way, we can say that this guava works completely as an Ayurvedic medicine for our body.

How to cultivate black guava

The best time to cultivate black guava is during the winter season. If you sow this plant properly by testing the soil, then it starts giving you fruits within 2 to 3 years. In general, loamy soil is most favorable for this plant. You can use 10 to 20 kg of dung manure in their 1 to 3 year old plants. Along with this, single super phosphate 250 to 750 grams and muriate of potash 200 to 400 grams should be used. We can also use urea 50 to 250 grams and zinc sulphate 25 grams per plant for their best growth. Even after all this, if your guava tree is not flowering, then you should use high concentrations of urea or ethephon-urea spray in it. It acts as a stimulant in plants.

For your information, let us know that the Japanese red diamond guava is ruddy red in appearance from inside. It sells much more expensive than desi guava. Its price in the market is always between 100 and 150 rupees a kg. If you cultivate it, your earnings will increase three times. Cultivating this variety of guava will definitely earn profit. Actually, people like to consume guava. There is always a demand for guava in the market. Guava is a storehouse of nutrients in a way.

Scientists also advise farmers to cultivate guava to earn huge profits. Actually, various vitamins are found inside guava. But, it contains the highest amount of vitamin C. Apart from this, iron, lime and phosphorus are also present in plenty in guava. If you consume guava regularly, your body will be healthy and refreshed. Actually, different varieties of guava are cultivated inside India. But, today we are going to talk about such a variety, by cultivating which the farmers will become rich in a few days.

Japanese Red Diamond Guava Price

In India, guava is normally sold at Rs 40 to 60 per kg. However, the Japanese Red Diamond is a variety of guava that has a very high price. It is known for its taste and sweetness. It is sold at Rs 100-150 per kg in the market. Farmers who cultivate it become rich in a few years. The main thing is that farmers in many states have also started cultivating Japanese Red Diamond Guava.

Also read: Cultivate these varieties of guava, will earn bumper earnings

Soil and temperature for Japanese Red Diamond Guava cultivation

The temperature between 10 ° C to 42 ° C is considered suitable for the cultivation of Japanese Red Diamond Guava. The pH value of the soil for its cultivation should be between 7 to 8. If you cultivate Japanese Red Diamond Guava in black and sandy loam soil, you will get a very good yield. The main thing is that while sowing Japanese diamonds in the field, the distance between the row to row should be 8 feet. At the same time, the distance between plants and plants should be kept 6 feet. This leads to rapid growth of plants. Also, pruning the plants should be done twice a year.

Also read: 50 percent subsidy to promote guava cultivation in this state

Annual income from Japanese Red Diamond Guava cultivation

Actually, like other crops, use cow dung and vermi compost as fertilizer in the field of Japanese Red Diamond Guava. This also increases the fertility of the land significantly. If you want, you can use NPK sulphur, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulphur and boron as fertilizer. Also, use drip irrigation to water the plants, this reduces water consumption significantly. If you are able to earn one lakh rupees a year from native guava cultivation, then your earnings from Japanese Red Diamond Guava cultivation will increase up to three times. This means that you will earn Rs 3 lakh a year.

Guava crop is the fourth largest commercial crop in India after mango, banana, and lemon. Guava cultivation in India started in the 17th century. The tropical regions of America and West Indies are known for the origin of guava. Guava has adapted so well to the climate of India that it is cultivated very successfully. 

At present, apart from Maharashtra, Karnataka, Orissa, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Bihar, and Uttar Pradesh, it is also being cultivated in Punjab and Haryana. In Punjab, guava is cultivated on an area of ​​8022 hectares and the average yield is 160463 metric tons. Along with this, the demand for guavas produced in India's climate is continuously increasing in foreign countries, due to which its cultivation has started being done commercially all over India.

Guava taste and nutrients

The taste of guava is more delicious and sweet. Various medicinal properties are also present inside guava. For this reason, it is also used to get relief from dental diseases. Guava has its importance in gardening. Guava is also called the apple of the poor because it is beneficial, cheap, and available everywhere. Guava contains nutrients like Vitamin C, Vitamin B, Calcium, Iron, and Phosphorus.

Also read: Why cultivating Japanese Red Diamond guava is beneficial for farmers

How much profit is earned from guava

Jelly, juice, jam, and barfi are also made from guava. By taking good care of guava fruit, it can be stored for a long time. Farmers can grow guava once and get production for about 30 years. Farmers can easily earn an annual income of Rs 10 to 12 lakh from guava gardening on one acre. If you are also planning to do guava gardening then this article is very beneficial for you. Because in this article we will give you information about guava cultivation.

Commercially improved varieties of guava 

Punjab Pink: The fruits of this variety are a large and attractive golden yellow color. Its pulp is red, from which a very good aroma comes. The annual production of one plant is approximately 155 kg.

Allahabad Safeda: Its fruit is soft and round. Its pulp is white and has an attractive aroma. The annual yield from one plant can be approximately 80 to 100 kg.

Orx Mridula: Its fruits are large in size, soft, round and have white pulp. Up to 144 kg of fruits can be obtained from one plant annually.

Sardar:  Also known as L 49. Its fruit is large in size and rough from the outside. Its pulp is cream-coloured. Its annual production per plant ranges from 130 to 155 kg.

Shweta: The pulp of this variety of fruit is creamy white. The sucrose content in the fruit is 10.5 to 11.0 percent. Its average yield is 151 kg per tree. 

Punjab Safeda: The pulp of this variety of fruit is creamy and white. The amount of sugar in the fruit is 13.4% and the amount of sourness is 0.62%.

Other improved varieties: Allahabad Surkha, Apple Guava, Spotted, Pant Prabhat, Lalit, etc. are the improved commercial varieties of guava. The amount of TSS in all these varieties is more than Allahabad Safeda and L 49 varieties. 

Suitable climate for guava cultivation 

Guava has adapted so well to the Indian climate that it can be cultivated easily and very successfully in any part of India. Due to the guava plant being very tolerant, it can be cultivated easily in any type of soil and climate. The Guava plant is from a tropical climate.

Also read: This guava can provide good income to farmers

Therefore, it is most cultivated in areas with arid and semi-arid climates. Guava plants can easily tolerate both cold and hot climates. But frost falling during the winter season damages its small plants. Its plants can tolerate a maximum temperature of 30 degrees and a minimum of 15 degrees. At the same time, a fully grown plant can tolerate temperatures up to 44 degrees.

Selection of land for farming

As told to you above the guava plant is a plant of tropical climate. According to the Indian climate, it can be successfully cultivated in any type of soil from light to heavy, and with low drainage. But, for its best commercial cultivation, sandy loam to clayey soil is considered best. In alkaline soil, its plants are at risk of rotting disease. 

For this reason, the pH value of the land for its cultivation should be between 6 to 6.5. To get its excellent yield, use only a similar type of soil in the field. Guava gardening can be done in both hot and dry climates. The areas of the country which receive 100 to 200 cm of rainfall in a year. There it can be easily cultivated successfully.

Process of sowing guava seeds

For guava cultivation, it is best to sow seeds from February to March or August to September. Guava plants are planted through both seed and seedling methods. Apart from sowing seeds in the field, quick production can be achieved by planting seedlings. If you are planting saplings in a guava field, then maintain a distance of 6 x 5 meters at the time of planting. If the sapling has been planted squarely, then keep the distance between its saplings to 15 to 20 feet. 25 cm of sapling. Plant at a depth of. 

Also read: Farmers can earn 3 times more income from Japanese Red Diamond guava than normal guava.

This will provide ample space for the plants and their branches to spread. About 132 saplings can be planted in one acre of guava farmland. Apart from this, if its cultivation is being sown through seeds, then the distance will be as per the plantation and the seeds should be sown at normal depth.

Method of sowing – Sowing can be done by planting in the field, by grafting, by sowing, by direct sowing, etc.

What is the process of propagating saplings from guava seeds?  

Traditional guava crop is used in selective breeding. It can be used for excellent yield and quality of fruits. Pant Prabhat, Lucknow-49, Allahabad Surkh, Paluma Arka Mirdula, etc. have been developed similarly. Its plants are prepared by planting seeds or by air layering method. Sardar variety seeds are drought tolerant and can be used to prepare cheese from the roots. For this, seeds should be prepared from fully ripe fruits and sown in beds or soft beds from August to March. 

Please note that the length of the beds should be 2 meters and the width should be 1 meter. After 6 months from sowing, Paneeri is ready to be planted in the field. When the width of the newly germinated paneer becomes 1 to 1.2 cm and the height reaches 15 cm, it is ready to be used for the germination method. The time from May to June is suitable for the pen method. Young plants and freshly cut branches or cuttings can be used for the germination method.

Two diseases occurrs in guava crop, fruit fly and millets can completely harm the crop. To control this, farmers will have to take care of various things from changing the crop cycle. Guava is a very popular fruit, guava is produced by most of the farmers in India. If seen, due to the economic and commercial importance of guava, the interest of the farmers here is increasing towards it. 

In such a situation, today we have brought information to the farmers about the diseases occurring in the guava crop and its prevention. According to Dr Amit Kumar Goswami, a scientist at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), the biggest problem in guava is the fruit fly in the rainy season. The best way to do this is to change the crop cycle Most people also call it outside control.

How often guava bear fruits?

Guavas flower twice and bear fruit only twice. The flowers of the rain-fed crops come in the month of April. If the farmers pluck those flowers in the month of April, then the fruit fly can be controlled. There are only two ways: either prune it or spray a solution of 10 per cent urea in it. At the same time, if farmers are not able to do this, then their second method is pheromane trap.

How to control fruit fly disease 

Pusa scientist Dr Amit Kumar Goswami said that the fruit in guava is a fly. For its prevention the traps of methyl yanal are currently available in the market. Along with the pheromane trap, these baggins are also available nowadays, which is a poly profinal tube. If these are also not available with the farmers, then they can also use the envelope. It is also known as methyl ynol trap as well as phiran trap. 

For this the farmers have to take special care that the chemicals kept in the pheromone trap have to be changed at an interval of 15-21 days. Actually, it contains a solution of pheromane, methyl uzanyl and spinosus. After this you have to do bagging after 30-45 days, by which the fruit will be of the shape of plum. By doing this the attack of fruit fly will be controlled.

The Buckeye disease affecting guava crop

At the same time,in present, other problems have also started to come in the guava crop, which is Mili Bakki. This is such a disease in which the farmers will see insects in the guava leaves like white cotton. To control this, make a solution of any laundry powder and spray it on it. After that you spray the solution on it at the rate of about 2 mL per liter of carbosulfan.