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Rabi Season

Farmers get the best production from these advanced varieties of peas in this Rabi season.

Farmers get the best production from these advanced varieties of peas in this Rabi season.

Peas are sown by farmers in the Rabi season from October. Today we are going to give you information about some of its major advanced varieties. Farmers can sow the varieties of peas prepared in a short period of time from the last week of September to October. With its cultivation, farmers can double their income. Let us explain that these are the major crops of Kashi Nandini, Kashi Mukti, Kashi Uday and Kashi early crops. Their speciality is that they are cooked and ready during 50 to 60 days. This makes the field empty quickly. After this, farmers can easily sow other crops. Farmers can sow pea species prepared in a short period of time from the last week of September to October.


Advanced variety of peas
Advanced variety of peas Kashi Nandini

This variety was developed in the year 2005. It is cultivated in Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Uttar Pradesh, Uttaranchal and Punjab. With this, an average of 110 to 120 quintals can be produced per hectare.


Also read: Detailed information about important aspects related to pea cultivation


Advanced variety of peas Kashi liberation

This variety is mainly considered favourable for Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab and Bihar. For your information, let us  tell you that it can lead to 115 quintals per hectare. Its legumes and grains are quite large. The main thing is that there is a lot of demand abroad.


Advanced variety of peas Kashi early

This variety is cooked in a 50 -day time period.Its beans are straight and deep. The length of its plants ranges from 58 to 61 cm. Its 1 plant can cost 9 to 10 legumes. This can lead to yield of 95 to 100 quintals per hectare.


Also read: let's know how to sow peas and take  care of them


Advanced variety of peas Kashi rise

For your information, let us tell you that this species was prepared in the year 2005. Its specialty is that the length of its pod is 9 to 10 centimetres. It is mainly cultivated in Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Jharkhand. This can provide yield of up to 105 quintals per hectare. For your information, let us tell you that by its cultivation, farmers can double their income. Kashi Mukti, Kashi Udaya, Kashi Aghati and Kashi Nandini are prominent among them. Their special thing is that it is ready within 50 to 60 days. This makes the field empty quickly. After this, farmers can easily sow other crops.


 The government has set a target of 11.4 crore tonnes for this Rabi season.

The government has set a target of 11.4 crore tonnes for this Rabi season.

Considering the dangerous conditions like storms, hailstorms, and El Nino, the Central Government has targeted cultivating climate-resistant (heat tolerant) varieties like DBW 327 Karan Shivani, HD-3385. A target of record wheat production of 11.4 crore tonnes has been set for this Rabi season. 


The yield of crops depends on the soil, weather, irrigation, and good-quality seeds. Also, sometimes due to adverse weather conditions, the farmer cannot even cover the cost of his crop. The farmer himself also goes through economic conditions. At the same time, his family also faces these challenges. In such a situation, the government has set a target keeping in mind the adverse circumstances. Under this target, climate-resistant DBW 327 Karan Shivani, HD-3385 ​​MP-3288, Raj 4079, DBW-110, and HD-2864, will be used in 60 percent of the total area of ​​wheat sowing. The target of cultivation of HD-2932 varieties has been set.


 The target of wheat production has been set


Considering the problems of climate change, the Union Agriculture Ministry has set a target of producing 11.4 crore tonnes of wheat in the Rabi season. At the same time, last year also the government had set a target of wheat production of 11.27 crore tonnes in the same period. 


Also read: UP Becomes Number One in Wheat Production


Union Agriculture Secretary Manoj Ahuja has prepared a strategy


Union Agriculture Secretary Manoj Ahuja has discussed the strategy of sowing Rabi crops, in which he has said that some changes are taking place in the climate ecology every day. Because of this, effects are being seen in crops also, so in such a situation, climate-resistant seeds should be used strategically.


Heat-resistant varieties are being encouraged


More than 800 climate-resistant varieties exist in India. These seeds need to be put in the seed chain under the ‘Seed Rolling’ scheme. Farmers should be motivated to grow heat-resistant varieties. Apart from this, a map should be prepared regarding good varieties to be produced by identifying specific areas in all the states. An important factor for good production is selecting varieties of seeds wisely. Farmers should always select good and climate-resistant varieties.



Detailed information related to flaxseed cultivation

Detailed information related to flaxseed cultivation

Today we are going to give you detailed information related to linseed crop. It is the sixth largest oilseed crop in the world. Seeing the benefits of flaxseed, the interest of farmers towards its cultivation is continuously increasing. Linseed is an important Rabi oilseed crop in India as well as a major source of oil and fiber. Linseed is cultivated in approximately 2.96 lakh hectares of land in India, which is 15 percent of the total area of ​​the world. In terms of linseed area, India ranks second in the world. At the same time, it ranks third in production and eighth in yield per hectare. For your information, let us tell you that this is the most important industrial oilseed crop of India. Its production also varies depending on different varieties of flaxseed. From this crop, 10 to 15 quintal production can be achieved per hectare of field. Uttar Pradesh, Odisha, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra are the major flax producing states. In India, flaxseed is mainly produced in the states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh and Bihar. Every part of flaxseed can be used in different forms, directly and indirectly. The oil extracted from flax seeds is not generally used as food. It is used in manufacturing medicines.


Selection of land for linseed cultivation

If you have decided to cultivate linseed, then first of all you will have to select the field i.e. land before sowing linseed. Please note that before sowing flaxseed, get the soil and water of your field tested. Black loamy soil is considered suitable for the cultivation of linseed. This soil is more fertile. Also, while preparing the land, keep in mind that the land has an excellent drainage system. This will also provide great convenience in irrigating the crops. Besides, crop production will also increase significantly.


Suitable climate for flax cultivation

Land with normal pH value is considered suitable for flaxseed. Cultivation of flaxseed requires a cold and dry climate. Linseed is cultivated mostly in the Rabi season in India. During this period the annual rainfall is between 50 to 55 centimeters. There, flaxseed can be cultivated successfully. For better germination of flaxseed, the temperature should be 25 to 30 degree centigrade and during seed formation the temperature should be 15 to 20 degree centigrade. Linseed requires high temperature, low humidity and dry environment at mature stage. Meaning that temperate climate is considered suitable for its cultivation. 


When is linseed sown

Farmers are advised to sow flax seeds in November in irrigated areas and in the first fortnight of October in non-irrigated areas. Apart from this, for Utera cultivation, sowing should be done 7 days before harvesting of paddy. Let us tell you that the Utera method is prevalent in the areas where paddy is grown. Linseed is sown in paddy fields with the aim of making proper use of moisture in paddy cultivation. In Utera method, linseed seeds are scattered in the field 7 days before harvesting the paddy crop. Due to this, flaxseed germinates even before the paddy is harvested. This has the advantage that the linseed crop gets ripe only due to the accumulated moisture. By sowing early, linseed crops can be protected from pod fly and powdery mildew etc.


Also read: All information related to paddy crop


Major improved varieties of linseed

Improved varieties of flaxseed are developed through agricultural research. Linseedi species have been divided into two parts, for non-irrigated areas and for irrigated areas, which are grown for higher production and to suit the climate. For irrigated areas – Suyog, JLS- 23, Pusa- 2, PKDL- 41, T- 397 etc. are the main varieties. These varieties have been developed for irrigated areas. These varieties can be grown in almost both the areas. If we talk about their production, it can be 13 to 15 quintals per hectare. For non-irrigated areas - Sheetal, Rashmi, Bharda, Indira Linseed- 32, JLS- 67, JLS- 66, JLS- 73 etc. are the main varieties. These varieties have been designed for cultivation in non-irrigated areas. The average height of the plants grown in these varieties is up to 2 feet. Also, the yield can be 12 to 15 quintals per hectare. Apart from the above mentioned varieties, there are many other improved varieties of flaxseed. Like - PKDL 42, Jawahar Alsi DR 552, J. l. S. - 27, LG 185, J. l. S. - 67, PKDL 41, Jawahar Alsi - 7, RL - 933, RL 914, Jawahar 23, Pusa 2 etc.


How to do seed treatment?

Linseed is sown in two ways. Seeds can be sown first through the drill method and second through the sprinkling method. For sowing of linseed through the drill method, seeds are required at the rate of 25 to 30 kg per hectare. In this method, the distance between row to row should be 30 cm and the distance from plant to plant should be kept 5 to 7 cm. The seeds should be sown in the ground at a depth of 2 to 3 centimeters. For Utera method, the rate of 40 to 45 kg seeds per hectare is considered good for sowing linseed. Before sowing, seeds should be treated with Carbendazim at the rate of 2.5 to 3 grams per kilogram of seed. Or the seeds should be sown after treating them with 5 grams of Trichoderma viride or 5 grams of Trichoderma harzianum and 2 grams of carboxin.


Also read: linseed cultivation can help financially


Field preparation for flax cultivation

For seed germination and proper crop growth in linseed cultivation, it is necessary that the field be prepared better before sowing. After harvesting, the land should be prepared by sprinkling 8 to 10 tonnes of rotted cow dung manure in the field per hectare and plowing it 2 to 3 times with a local soil turning plow or harrow. After this, the field should be leveled by hoeing, so that the moisture in the soil remains intact.


How to add fertilizer to your field? 

While preparing the land for linseed cultivation, apply cow dung manure at the rate of 8 to 10 tonnes per hectare by mixing it well in the soil during the last plowing. Along with this, for irrigated areas, use nitrogen at the rate of 100 kg, phosphorus at the rate of 75 kg per hectare. To get the best yield for non-irrigated areas, use Nitrogen at 50 kg. Phosphorus 40 kg. And 40 kg. potash. In non-irrigated condition, the entire amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash and in irrigated condition, half the amount of nitrogen and the entire amount of phosphorus is applied 2-3 cm deep through a cloth at the time of sowing. Use below. In irrigated conditions, the remaining half quantity of nitrogen should be applied as top dressing after the first irrigation.


How can farmers protect their linseed crops from diseases and pests?

In the cultivation of linseed, Alternaria blight, rust or ocher, uktha and bukni diseases occur. To prevent these diseases, spray Mancozeb in the crop at the rate of 2.5 kg per hectare 40 to 50 days after sowing. Spraying should be done at an interval of every 15 days, so that the disease does not occur. To prevent rust or ochre, soluble sulfur should be sprayed at the rate of 3 kg per hectare.


Also read: Helpline number for crop disease and pest infections


The linseed crop is infested by various types of insects like pod fly, caterpillar etc. Its adult insects are like small flies of dark orange color. These insects lay their eggs in the petals of flowers, due to which the flowers are unable to produce seeds in the plant. This insect affects production up to 70 percent. To prevent this, Monocrotophos 36 EC, 750 ml or Quinalphos 1.5 liters should be mixed in 900 to 1000 liters of water and sprayed per hectare.


How is linseed oil used in different ways?

Linseed is one of the important industrial oilseed crops of India. In India, linseed crop is produced for commercial purposes. It is cultivated as a fiber crop. The amount of oil in flax seeds is very high. But, its oil is not used for food but for making medicines. Apart from preparing varnishes, lubricants, paints, its oil is also used in preparing inks and ink pads for printing presses. M.P. In the Bundelkhand region of India, its oil is used for cooking, making soap and lighting lamps. Flax seeds are used as a poultice in boils and pimples. High quality fiber is obtained from flax stems. Besides, linen is also manufactured from fiber. Linseed cake is used as animal feed for milk-yielding animals. At the same time, due to the sufficient quantity of various plant nutrients in the cake cake, it is used as fertilizer.


Consuming flaxseed provides relief in many diseases.

Consuming flaxseed is very beneficial for health. Its seeds and its oil are beneficial in the prevention of many diseases. Linseed is the sixth largest oilseed crop in the world. It contains about 33 to 45 percent oil and 24 percent crude protein, making it a miraculous diet. Two essential fatty acids are found in it, alpha-linolenic acid and linolenic acid. If flaxseed is consumed regularly, many types of diseases like cancer, TB, heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, constipation, joint pain etc. can be avoided. It increases the amount of good cholesterol in our body and is helpful in reducing the amount of triglyceride cholesterol. It prevents blood clots from forming in the arteries of our heart and also protects us from diseases like heart attack and stroke. It is antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antioxidant and anti-cancer. Flaxseed contains about 28 percent fiber and it proves to be very beneficial for constipation patients.


Things to keep in mind during harvesting

Linseed crop is ready about 100 to 120 days after sowing. It should be harvested only when the linseed crop is completely dry and ripe. Threshing should be done soon after harvesting the crop. This will not cause much harm to its seeds. When linseed crop is cultivated using the above method, the production of different varieties varies. In first seed purpose irrigated condition, 12 to 15 quintals per hectare and in non-irrigated condition, 10 to 12 quintals per hectare and in two-purpose cumulated and non-irrigated condition, 20 to 23 quintals per hectare and 13 to 17 percent oil and 38 to 45 percent fiber. 


 Detailed information about production of onion in Rabi Season

Detailed information about production of onion in Rabi Season

Maharashtra is a major onion producing state of India. Here production of onions is done on a large scale. Here, onions are cultivated three times a year. Nashik, Pune, Solapur, Dhule and Ahmednagar are considered strongholds in the state for onion production. At present, Rabi season onion planting has started in Maharashtra. Farmers cultivate maximum onion in the state and here Asia’s largest onion market is in Lasalgaon, Nashik. Generally, cultivation of onions is done only once a year in different states. But it is nothing like here in Maharashtra. Three crops are done during a year in the state. Here it is produced in Kharif, post-Kharif and in Rabi season. Onions are a cash crop in Maharashtra. A majority of farmers here depend on its cultivation. Farmers get maximum production of onion in the Rabi season. 


When is the sowing of the second season of onion done?


The second season of  onion is sown in the month of october-november , which is currently being done in the state. It gets ready in between January and march. The third crop of onion is Rabi, which is sown in December-January. At the same time, it is harvested from March to May. 60 percent of total production of onion in the state occurs in Rabi season only. 



Onion is produced in large quantities in these districts of Maharashtra.  


Onion is cultivated most in Jalgaon, Dhule, Ahmednagar, Satara, Nashik, Pune and Solapur districts of Maharashtra. At the same time, farmers cultivate this crop in Marathwada district of Maharashtra. Nashik is famous for producing onions not only in Maharashtra but all over India. Out of its total production in India, 37 percent of onion is produced in Maharashtra and 10 percent of the onion production in the state is done only in Nashik.


What should be the soil for onion cultivation?


According to agricultural scientists, onions can be cultivated in different types of soil. But, excellent yield is obtained only in soils like clay, sand, loamy, gar and brown soil. To get high yield in onion cultivation, there should be good drainage facilities in the field.


What type of land should it be?


To prepare for the cultivation , first plowing of the land should be done three to four times. Also, add rotten manure to increase the amount of organic matter in the soil. After this, divide the field into small plots. Planting should be done on a 1.2 meter wide strip at a height of 15 cm from the land surface. 


How much fertilizers should be used?


Onion crop requires a large amount of nutrients. Manure and fertilizer should be used in onion crops on the basis of soil test. Rotten cow dung manure should be used in the field at the rate of 20-25 tonnes per hectare from one-two months before planting.


Great onion varieties and pruning time.


Bhima Shweta: This variety of white onion is already approved for Rabi season, this variety gives an average yield of 18-20 tonnes in Kharif while it gives an average yield of 26-30 tonnes in Rabi.

Bhima Super: This red onion variety has been identified for production in the Kharif season. It can also be grown as a late crop in the Kharif season. This variety gets ripe in a time interval of 95-100 days. Its production is approximately 20-22 tonnes per hectare.


Talking about the right time to prune onions, the right time to remove onions from the fields is when the moisture in the plant gets exhausted and its bulb starts coming up almost on its own.


Direction guidelines from Pusa scientists for Rabi season crops like wheat and mustard

Direction guidelines from Pusa scientists for Rabi season crops like wheat and mustard

Pusa agricultural scientists have put an advisory for the farming of wheat in rabi season. In which they pointed out that those farmers with 21-25 days wheat crops should go with first irrigation within the upcoming 5 days.  After 3-4 days of irrigation, second fertilisers should be put in. According to agricultural scientists, considering the temperature, farmers are advised to sow the late wheat crops as soon as possible. Sowing rates to be kept 125 kilograms of seeds per hectare. It's advanced species are HD 3059, HD 3237, HD 3271, HD 3369, HD 3117, WR 544 and PBW 373.

Must do seed treatment 

Before sowing seeds should be treated with bavistin @1.0 gram or thiram @2.0 gram per hectare. For your knowledge, in farms infected with termites, chlorpyrifos (20 ec) @5.0 litres per hectare should be spread with paleva or in dry farms. The amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash fertilisers to be kept is 80, 40 and 40 kilograms per hectare. 

Rarefaction of mustard crops must be done on priority.

Weed control and rarefaction should be done in lately sown mustard crops. Considering fall in average temperature, mustard crops should specially be taken care of for white rust disease. Rotten/fermented dung and potash fertilisers must be used before sowing onion crops in prepared farms in this season. Potatoes and tomatoes are more prone to blight disease because of heavy moisture in the air. That's why, look carefully for crops. In case of symptoms, spray 2gram dithane-M-45 in per litre of Water. 

Farmers should check regularly for leaf feeding insects 

For your interest, farmers who have prepared a nursery of tomato, cabbage, cauliflower and broccoli. They can show their plants considering the weather. Cauliflower and cabbage family plants should specially be taken care of leaf feeding insects. If they are in large numbers, then spray BT @1 gram per litre of water or sponosade medicine @1.0 ml per 3 litres of water. In this weather, farmers must get rid of weeds with the help of weeding-hoeing practice. Vegetable crops should be irrigated and then fertilisers should be put in.

How farmers should manage stubble remains 

Farmers are advised not to burn the remains (stubble) of kharif crops(paddy). This results in polluting the environment too much. The smog produced by this does not allow complete sunlight to reach crops and farms. It affects the photosynthesis and evaporation in plants which leads to low food production in plants. It also affects the amount of produce and quality of produce. Farmers are advised to mix or dig the remaining paddy stubble in soil, it increases the fertility of soil.

Some measures to save crops from frost due to cold

Some measures to save crops from frost due to cold

Due to frost in winter, the problem of farmers also increases significantly. We usually see that farmers produce smoke on their fields when there is frost. If you are in the rural environment or will live near it, in the cold, you must have seen that as the cold increases, the problems of farmers increase significantly. Not only this, farmers produce smoke to preserve their crops. Today we will tell you what causes the farmers to produce smoke in their fields and how farmers protect their crops by smoke.


Nowadays due to cold, there is extreme frost in fields

As we all know, there is frost in fields during winter. Due to the frost in the field, the temperature goes below zero degree centigrade. In such a situation, there is snow due to cold in the cells of the plant. This is why cells die. Therefore, farmers take old measures in the fields to preserve trees and plants from frost.


Also read: How to protect the banana crop from the damage caused by extreme cold (frost) during the winter season?


The trick to protect the fields from the extreme frost

Farmers take a variety of measures to protect the fields from frost during the winter season. The most successful and useful measure among them is to plant big trees such as rosewood, acacia, berries etc. on the edges of the field. After a few years, these trees become property of farmers. Also, their task is airtight (preventing air) for the field. Farmers who cannot plant trees on the edges of their fields produce smoke in the fields. This remedy is considered very old and extremely effective. Because of this, farmers produce smoke in the fields in winter.


What are the benefits of producing smoke inside the fields?

During the cold time, when there is frost, farmers produce smoke in the fields. Due to smoke the crop survives the frost. Because, by smoking, the greenhouse effect produces in the field, in which heat can come in but cannot go out of it. Due to this, the temperature inside the field increases immensely and crops are saved from frost outbreaks.


Complete information about combined harvester

Complete information about combined harvester

Combine harvester is a highly efficient agricultural machine, designed to perform multiple crop harvesting tasks simultaneously. It is mainly used for grain crops such as corn, soybean, wheat, and barley. 

Typically a combine harvester machine consists of a cutting mechanism, threshing system, separation system, cleaning system, and storage system. 

Today's modern combine harvesters are usually equipped with advanced technologies, such as GPS navigation, yield monitoring systems, and automated controls. 

The use of combined harvesters has revolutionized agriculture by significantly reducing the labor and time required for harvesting. Farmers can plow large fields quickly and efficiently.  

How does a combined harvester machine work?

There is a reel in the combine harvester machine, on which the farmers keep the crops. Its function is to transport the crop to the cutting unit. Inside there are many sharp blades like big knives. 

With the help of these blades, the cutter cuts the crop. The harvested crop goes to the racing unit through a conveyor belt. In the racing unit, the crop grains are separated with the help of a dressing drum and concrete clearance. 

Also read: Self-propelled reaper and combine harvester for crop harvesting.

Combine harvesters have large cleaning systems and blowers, with the help of which chaff is separated from the crops. The cleaned grain gets collected in the storage system.  

What are the advantages of a combined harvester machine? 

A combine harvester is a machine that makes agricultural work easier from many directions simultaneously. Using it has the following benefits.

Increased Efficiency: Combine harvesters streamline the harvesting process by combining multiple operations into a single machine. It can do harvesting, sorting, storage, and many other tasks simultaneously.  

Time-Saving: Harvesting with a combined harvester is much faster than traditional manual or separate machinery-based harvesting methods. Farmers can harvest crops efficiently.  

Lower farming costs: One harvester does the work of many machines. Therefore, farmers do not need to buy separate machines. 

Quality Protection: Combine harvesters are designed to handle crops with minimum losses and maintain grain quality.

How many types of combined harvesters are there?

There are mainly two types of combine harvesters.

  • Automatic combine harvester 

The entire machinery is fitted with an automatic combine harvester. The machinery operates the engine and other parts with its power, due to which the work of harvesting, threshing, and cleaning of grains is done easily.

  • Tractor-driven combine harvester 

Tractor-driven combine harvester machine is operated by connecting it with a tractor. This machine runs from the PTO of the tractor. The crop is harvested by driving the combine with a tractor.

On what basis should a combined harvester be purchased? 

If you are a small or marginal farmer or are planning to buy a harvester only for your home farming, then a mini combine harvester or a tractor-operated combine harvester will be more useful for you. Additionally, the price of the small harvester will be right for you.

At the same time, if you want to earn money from the combine harvester in addition to household use, then you will have to buy a heavy combine harvester for this. 

Now either you buy an automatic combine harvester or buy a strong and powerful combine harvester like a tractor-driven combine harvester.

What is the price of a combined harvester in the Indian market?

The price of a combine harvester depends on the cutter bar. At present, more than 20 famous companies are manufacturing combined harvesters in India. 

The price of a combined harvester ranges from Rs 10 lakh* to Rs 50 lakh* in the market depending on its features and specifications.

Also read: Buy tractor combine harvester for harvesting Kharif crop, up to 40 percent subsidy is available here.

At the same time, if you are a small farmer and want to buy a combine harvester only for domestic use, then the option of mini combine harvester/small harvester price is also open to you. Mini combine harvester price starts from Rs 5 lakh*.

Keep this in mind while buying a combine harvester!

Subsidy facility on combined harvesters is provided from time to time in different states. The rate of subsidy varies depending on the RTOs imposed in the states. 

Generally, a 50 percent subsidy is provided to small, marginal, and women farmers and a 40 percent subsidy is provided to big farmers. Now whether it is a combine harvester or any other agricultural equipment, before purchasing it we must know whether there is a subsidy on it or not.