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 How to protect the banana crop from the damage caused by extreme cold (frost) during the winter season?

How to protect the banana crop from the damage caused by extreme cold (frost) during the winter season?

Banana cultivation requires that the temperature is between 13–40 ° C. When the minimum temperature in winter goes below 10 ° C, then the flow of fluid flowing inside the banana plant stops, which stops the growth of the banana plant and many types of disorders begin to appear in which the main is throat choking. When the flowers in the banana are out of low temperature, the bunch is unable to come out properly from the virtual stem (pseudostem). Chemical causes can also cause this"choke" such as calcium and lack of boron. The front part of the inflorescence comes out and the base (basal) part gets trapped in the virtual stem. Therefore, it is called throat choke. 

The bunch sometimes takes 5-6 months to mature. Plants in which fruit bunch fails to emerge or come out, or turn unusually. Banana cultivation has a significant effect on plant health and productivity due to cold. Bananas, due to the tropical plant, are more prone to damage from cold when exposed to low temperatures. The growth, development and overall yield is affected by the cold. To effectively manage the damage caused by cold in banana cultivation, it is necessary to understand the causes, symptoms and to apply preventive and corrective measures.


Due to cold injury


Bananas are sensitive at temperatures below ten degrees Celsius. Frost damages banana plants, affecting leaves and stems. The cold air increases the rate of heat loss from the plant and increases the stress of cold.


Also read:

The most important nutrient for banana cultivation, symptoms of lack of potash and technique to manage it

Corrective measures


Sorting of damaged tissues: sort the affected leaves and stems to encourage new growth.

Cold Clothes: During the cold, the plants can get protection by covering it with a cold cloth.

Heating equipment: Using heater or heat lamps in extreme cases can prevent cold injury.


Freedom from post -cold stress


Monitoring of plant health: Regularly assess the recovery progress of plants. Promoting nutrients: Use fertilisers rich in potassium and phosphorus to promote recovery. Giving 1/4 part of the recommended quantity of fertilisers by light ploughing of banana plantations before the start of winter, also reduces a huge decrease in the fierceness of this disorder. Patience: Give plants enough time to recover naturally. In the agricultural climate of Bihar, we have seen that in the winter, the banana gardens start appearing burnt, but gardens start looking good again in March-April.


Research and technical solutions


Cold-resistant varieties: Develop and cultivate the increased cold-resistant banana varieties. We have seen that long species of banana are more tolerant of winter than dwarf species


Also read:Farmers doing Cavendish Banana Group's cultivation, will forget cultivating Paddy-wheat after wonderful earning


Use advanced weather forecasts to estimate and prepare for cold weather. The best time for tissue culture banana in Bihar is May to September. After this, its cultivation has a very bad effect on cultivation. The biggest principle of it is that flowers should never come in the winter in the banana because in the winter due to extreme cool, the growth of  bunch is not good or sometimes the bunch is not able to come out of the virtual stem properly. The flower in the banana prepared by tissue enrichment starts coming in the 9th month, while the bunch in the banana grown by Sakar comes in the 10th-11th month. Genetic engineering: Bananas require research on genetic modifications to increase cold tolerance.


Conclusion


Banana cultivation involves a combination of preventive, corrective and research-based strategies in effective management of damage caused by cold. Farmers should adopt a holistic approach considering site selection, cultural (agricultural) measures and technological progress to protect the banana crop from the harmful effects of cold stress. By applying these measures, producers can ensure stability and flexibility of banana cultivation in cold temperature areas.


 Take special care of these things to overcome the lack of milk production

Take special care of these things to overcome the lack of milk production

Currently there is a shortage of milk in our India. The more milk we need, the production of as much milk is not being done in sufficient quantity. Annual milk yield 5000 kg in developed countries like Sweden, Denmark, Israel and America etc. The animal is per year. In comparison, only 1000 kg in India. The animal is per year. According to scientists, every person needs 280 grams of milk per day. At the same time, currently 190 grams of milk is present per day per person. Therefore, there is a great need to increase milk production in our India.


Animals provide nutrients especially from diet, fat, minerals, vitamins, proteins and carbohydrates, which are used by cattle for their living, growth, yields, breeding and functionality etc. Due to less milk -giving animals inside India, crores of landless and marginal farmers, use of remaining remains of crops and lack of pastures etc. Milk production is commonly found in areas of the country where mixed farming is done. In order to take milk production as business, the substances of fodder, grains, khali and grains should be available in abundance and smoothness.


Animals suffering from infertility should be expelled with a herd

Generally, infertility is seen in young animals up to 2-3 percent and in adult animals 5 to 6 percent, which should be removed from the herd. So that the milk production level cannot decline and there is no side effects on the income from them. Also, the expenses incurred in fodder, grain and care on these animals can be saved.


Take care of cattle health

Prevention of the disease in place of therapy is quite good, so that the expenses and risk caused by the uncertainty of better diagnosis in treatment can be protected. Cows and buffaloes are prone to various types of diseases. Because heat and humidity are very high in the weather here. Due to this, animals also die more. Animals must be vaccinated to protect them from these diseases.


Provide enough diet to animals

Proper food for animals is that which is gross, interesting, interesting, hunger and balanced. Also, sufficient green fodder has also been found in it, it has got suicide and it is going to provide satisfaction. Animals should usually give food 3 times on a short time of time. Animals should be mixed with green fodder like wheat straw, straw etc. By resourceing fodder and grain, the use of animal feed can also be increased by grinding grain, cutting and soaking etc. As far as possible, animals should be given separately as per the requirement and given separately. Every cow dynasty animal has 2 to 2.5 kg. And buffalo to 3 kg. 100 kg per 100 kg Dry substances should be given on the body. Animals should be given 2/3 of the dietary diet as fodder and 1/3 as grain. 1.5 kg to pregnant cows and buffaloes. Dana should be given every day. Physical development animals 1 to 1.5 kg. Per animals should be given for body development. 1 to 1.5 kg to live the animal to live. For grain and milk production, cows have 3 liters of milk per milk and 1 kg on 2.5 liters of milk respectively. Should give grain. Animal food is also mandatory to have adequate mineral salts and vitamins.


Produce a good breed heifer by conception

Animals should always be provided with sufficient amount of clean water. To maintain life, an animal needs a lot of water daily in a large amount of water. Since lack of water affects milk production. By earning semen from male animals with artificial methods, examining, cleaning the female's reproduction, proper time and proper place is called artificial insemination. Milk breed bulls and their superstitious semen should make their cows conception and earn a military heifer of advanced breed. Which will be worth conceiving by becoming a cow in two years, as well as providing more milk. The hybrid cow (jersey child) obtained through artificial insemination gives more milk. Also, when that hybrid jersey cow is rejected by jersey breed, the cow giving 15-20 liters of milk is achieved.


 Progressive Farmer Satyavan earned great profits from this type of farming

Progressive Farmer Satyavan earned great profits from this type of farming

For your information, let us tell you that in this series of successful farmers, today we are going to tell you the story of a farmer from Delhi, who earns profit in lakhs through organic and natural farming.

In India, where chemicals are being used extensively in farming, on the other hand even today there are some farmers who are earning huge profits through organic and natural farming. Let us tell you that one of these progressive farmers is Satyavan. Presently Satyavan is earning income worth lakhs of rupees with the help of farming and dairy farming.


Only excellent land can make a farmer rich.


For your information, let us tell you that progressive farmer Satyavan says that he is a native of Dariyapur Kalan Village of Delhi. Also, they are earning income of lakhs through natural farming. Apart from farming, Satyavan also rears indigenous cows. He also grows inter crops, due to which he has become an example for the farmers today. Satyavan says, ‘If the earth is strong then the farmer will be rich’, what he means by this is that due to the use of excessive pesticides our soil has become completely devoid of organic matter. Let us tell you that due to this, diseases have started appearing in the crops. 



Farmer cultivates his 20 acres of land. 


He said that he does only natural farming in 5 acres of land and he has 20 acres of land for total land holding. Satyavan cultivates paddy, wheat, sugarcane and peas along with a variety of other vegetables. Apart from this, he also prepares vegetable nurseries in his farm, which he sells to farmers at good prices.