soil

Today we will give you information about how  to grow vegetables at home. Today we are going to tell you the easiest, cheapest and sustainable way here . You can produce these five vegetables at home easily.

Every household in India has daily consumption of vegetables. According to the monthly expenses, you have to spend thousands of rupees per month only for vegetables. In such a situation, if we say that you can grow some vegetables very easily in your home, then what will you say? Let us tell you about five such vegetables that you can grow inside an old box or bucket in your house.

You can grow tomatoes and eggplants at home: 

Tomatoes are widely used in Indian households during winter season. Tomatoes are needed to make vegetables or eat chutney. If you want to grow tomatoes inside your house, first get an empty old bucket or tub. After that, fill half the soil and cocopeat in it. Plant tomato or brinjal plants at present .Add water little by little in the morning and evening. You will see that within a short time these plants will be ready to give vegetables.

Coriander and garlic can be easily grown at home:

Coriander leaves and garlic leaves are highly demanded during winter. They are sold at very high prices in the market. Many times they are not available fresh. However, you can grow both of these at home with great ease. To grow them, you just have to take a tub or old bucket, then mix cocopeat and soil in it and fill it half. After this, if you want to grow coriander, then you can plant its seeds inside it . If you want to grow garlic, first separate the garlic cloves then move them from the ends add it into the soil. Add a little water to it in the morning and evening. You will see that in a few days your bucket or tub will be filled with green leaves.

You can also grow capsicum at home:

Capsicum is very good for health. It is in great demand in winter. Now if you want to grow capsicum in your home, then for this you have to repeat the process given above. Then one or two capsicum plants have to be planted in that bucket or tub . After a few days of planting these plants, capsicum will start growing in them .  

The root melting in peas and other pulsable crops is a very important disease, because it affects the yield. This disease mainly affects the roots, due to which the seedlings do not come out properly, there is less growth of plants, and the yield would decrease . Is. Symptoms include buried lesions, roots of brown or black colour, shrinking root system and melting of roots. Even if the lumps come out , small and light coloured , they are less in number. Plants growing from infected seeds wither away shortly after sprouts. Living plants are less green and their vitality is low. Development in infected plants in conditions  is blocked.Opportunist germs nest on rotting tissues , which causes the symptoms to get worsen. In this disease, the entire farm is never affected, but this disease is often packed in the fields, and the affected area increases when there are favourable conditions for germs.

Root rot disease is also known as humid melting disease. Pea crop is very damaged by this disease. But if this disease is managed properly, then along with protecting the plants from this disease, we will also be able to get good quality crops. It is a soil -borne disease. When there is more humidity in the atmosphere, these diseases spread more rapidly. Usually the outbreak of this disease is seen more in small plants. After some time the leaves start shrinking. If the plants are uprooted, their roots look rotten.

Subsoiler agricultural machine is a very useful machine for deep plowing inside the field. This machine is operated by mounting it on the back of a tractor. After plowing the field with a subsoiler, the risk of disease in the crop is greatly reduced. Know here about other important information about this agricultural machine.

Various types of excellent agricultural equipment are available in the market to complete farming tasks easily. A subsoiler agricultural machine is also included in these agricultural machines, which is capable of deep plowing of fields with less effort. You will need a tractor to operate this equipment. The subsoiler agricultural machine is mounted on the back of a tractor and operated in the field. Let us tell you that this subsoiler agricultural machine is run to prepare the fields before sowing the crops. This machine proves to be very useful for deep plowing inside the field. After plowing is done through this machine, there is less risk of farmers getting diseases in their crops. Subsoiler agricultural machines have been designed keeping in mind that the work of plowing the field can be done quickly.

Also read: Modern agricultural equipment for land preparation Power Harrow

Subsoiler agricultural machine

This agricultural equipment is a machine that works by combining it with a tractor, which is capable of doing deep plowing in the field in a short time. Subsoiler agriculture machines are extremely popular for breaking soil, loosening soil, and doing deep well plowing. This machine plows the field much better than a moldboard plow, disc harrow, or rotary tiller machine. Apart from this, subsoiler agriculture machine also helps in providing good fertility power to the farm soil. After plowing the field with this machine, farmers get a good crop yield.

Also read: Up to 50 percent subsidy is being given on agricultural equipment in this state.

Use of subsoiler agricultural machine

-Farmers mostly use this machine for plowing the fields.

-This machine is also used to stop water in the field.

-A subsoiler machine is also run in the field to improve the poor condition of the field.

-What are the benefits of subsoiler agricultural machines?

-After running the subsoiler agricultural machine in the field, the risk of pests and diseases in the crop was reduced significantly.

-With the use of a subsoiler machine, the fertility of the soil of the field is maintained.

-This is a very useful agricultural equipment for those parts of the country where fields are not irrigated due to lack of water.

-By using this machine, farmers can make drains at least two and a half feet deep.

-Subsoiler agricultural machine reduces the labor burden on farmers.

If you want to grow vegetables at home, then this is great news for you. By adopting the tips given here, your house will remain green. You must remember the tomatoes that turned red due to inflation. The prices of tomatoes have definitely reduced but the prices of many vegetables are still sky high. Some tips for growing vegetables at home will not only save your pocket from becoming light. Also, this greenery will help in keeping your mind light.

Farmers, start from a small place

If you do not have gardening experience, start with a small space. Choose four to five types of vegetables for production and plant a few plants of each type. Growing vegetables in containers is also a great way. A sunny balcony would also be better. Remember to grow only those vegetables that you eat.

Also read: If you plant these vegetables in the rain, there will be strong production and strong profits.

Selection of good varieties is very important

Pay close attention to the details on the seed packet, tag or label. Every vegetable has some characteristics. Many varieties offer better disease resistance, better yields or better heat or cold tolerance.

Farmers should focus on productivity

Initially, people make the mistake of planting too many trees. Vegetables like tomatoes and chilies are available throughout the season. Because of this, you may not need very many plants to meet your needs. Other vegetables, like carrots, radishes, etc. can be cut only once. After that, they will need to be reapplied.

Also read: Radish cultivation

Crop should be selected according to the season

Planting vegetables in both cool and warm climates will provide you with a consistent crop of vegetables throughout the spring, summer, and fall. In early spring, grow lettuce, such as peas, radishes, carrots, and broccoli. Let us tell you that after the cold season, plant your favorite hot-season crops like tomato, chili, and brinjal. In autumn you can harvest potatoes, cabbage, and bananas. By planting vine crops, you can increase the yield per square foot by using vertical land in the garden.

Sunlight and water are essential for vegetable cultivation.

Let us tell you that it does not matter where you plant your garden. Your garden must meet two basic needs: water and plenty of sunlight. Root vegetables such as carrots, radishes, and beets can be grown if your site receives at least 4 hours of direct sunlight a day. If you get more sunlight than this, you can grow sun-loving vegetables like basil, rosemary, tomato, cucumber, and beans.

Also read: Farmer became rich by choosing vegetable farming instead of bank job

You will need to water frequently during the first few weeks after the seeds have germinated or been planted. Through this, delicate plants can be helped to produce strong roots and stems. Once your plants are established, it's a good idea to give your garden a long watering every few days rather than a little sprinkling every day. The water will then move deeper into the soil, which encourages the roots to grow deeper.

Like humans, plants also suffer from nutrient deficiencies, to fulfill which they also have to depend on external nutrients. But, the problem arises when we do not understand which nutrient is lacking in them. Let us tell you today, how you can identify it in a plant. Healthy plants are essential for a thriving garden or successful harvest. Lack of nutrients can affect the growth and development of plants, causing growth to stop. At the same time, the leaves also turn yellow and the production of fruits or flowers gets spoiled. 

Healthy plants are essential for a thriving garden or successful harvest. Lack of nutrients can affect the growth and development of plants, causing growth to stop. At the same time, the leaves also turn yellow and the production of fruits or flowers gets spoiled. Today we will provide you with information about which element is deficient in plants and when. Plants need many essential nutrients for their growth and development. These nutrients can be broadly divided into two groups. Macronutrients and micronutrients.

Macronutrients

Plants require macronutrients in abundance and these include nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (CA), magnesium (MG), and sulfur (S). 

Also read: New variety of lotus Namo 108 unveiled, flowers will bloom all the time

Micronutrients

Micronutrients are required in small amounts and include iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), boron (B), molybdenum (Mo), and chlorine (Cl).

Recognizing the symptoms of nutrient deficiencies

Nutritional deficiency in general: Plants are seen based on the characteristics of their leaves, stems, and growth. Let us tell you that based on some common symptoms, we will give you information on how you will be able to identify the deficiency of which element in a plant.

Deficiency of Nitrogen (N): Yellowing (chlorosis) of older leaves that starts at the tips and spreads inwards, stunting growth. 

Also read: Find out which nutrient is lacking by looking at the plant, new instructions from scientists

Deficiency of Phosphorus (P): Dark green leaves with red-violet color, older leaves may turn blue-green or brown and curl.

 Deficiency of Potassium (K): Yellowing or browning of edges and tips of leaves, weak stems.

Deficiency of Iron (Fe): Interveinal chlorosis (yellowing between the veins) on new leaves, leaves may turn white or yellow.

Deficiency of Magnesium (Mg): Interveinal chlorosis on older leaves, leaves may turn red-violet or curled.

Deficiency of Calcium (Ca): Young leaves may become distorted tips may die back, and flower tips in fruits may rot. 

Deficiency of Sulfur (S): Yellowing of new leaves, stunted growth, and reduced seed and fruit production.

Micronutrient deficiency: These vary depending on the micronutrient. For example, iron deficiency causes interveinal chlorosis. Also, zinc deficiency causes leaves to become small and distorted. 

If you see these symptoms in any plant, then you can very easily identify which nutrient is lacking in that plant. Once the symptoms are known, you can easily find the treatment accordingly.

The Maharashtra government is going to start testing facilities through the post office to remove the problems of the soil testing center of farmers. With its help, farmers will be able to get soil test reports sitting at home on their mobile phones. For this, the government will upgrade its tehsils with new technologies. To help the farmers, along with the Central Government, the State Governments also keep helping them at their level.

In this context, the Maharashtra government is going to take an important step for the farmers of the state. This step of the government is related to the soil of the farmer. Let us tell you that the Maharashtra government will increase soil testing centers at the local level in the state. So that farmers can get their soil tested in less time. For this, the government is bringing testing facilities through the post office. Farmers can send their field soil samples to the testing center with the help of their nearest local post office. After this, the report will be received sitting at home. If the soil testing center is far from your home, now with the help of a post office you can easily send the soil sample of your farm to the testing center without any expense. Farmers can then get the soil test reports on their mobile phones.

Soil test reports will be provided to farmers at home

State Agriculture Minister Dhananjay Munde recently said at the Phoenix Foundation College of Agriculture that to improve the quality of the soil, the state government has decided to conduct testing through the post office. He further said that from now on, farmers can send soil samples to the testing centers of their respective tehsils through local post offices. Then he can get the report on his mobile phone sitting at home within seven days. All information about soil will be available in this report. Like what is lacking in the soil and what type of fertilizers are to be used in it. Also, which crops will the farmer get profit by planting in this soil?

Also read: Soil Health Card scheme: What is this Soil Health Card scheme, and how will farmers benefit from it? Where to get soil samples tested

The work of soil testing of the field will be done at tehsil level.

Every work of soil testing will be done at the tehsil level. Soil testing centers have been constructed in all the tehsils of the state. The work of upgrading those centers with more new technologies will start, so that farmers can get the soil test reports at their homes in less time without any hassle.

How to check crops for lack of nutrients. 

During farming many times the crop gets destroyed. Also the production capacity decreases and the crop gets infected with diseases. The major reason for these problems is the lack of important nutrients in the crop. Therefore in today's articles we will tell you about some necessary nutrients which decide the growth and development of the plant. Like a human body requires nutrients for its growth the plants also require nutrients for their development and growth. Due to nutrients the plants develop and these nutrients also help the organic matter grow. If these nutrients aren't provided in the timely manner it could stop the growth of the plant and ruin the crop. Important nutrients for crops include oxygen, potash, nitrogen, phosphorus, carbon, etc. The deficiency of the nutrients affects the produce.

Symptoms of lack of nutrients

1 Lack of Boron

Due to lack of Boron in the crop the plants turn yellow from the growing parts. Along with this buds turn white and look like dead tissues. 

Ecology is an important branch of science, with anthropology, population, community, ecosystem and biosphere. How ecological organisms, environment and organisms talk with each other and their environment. It has various levels, such as community, biosphere, ecosystem, organisms and population. The primary purpose of an ecological scientist is to greatly improve life processes, adaptation and their understanding in the context of the interaction of organisms and biodiversity.

Biological and inorganic factor

The main objective of ecology is necessary to understand the distribution of biological and abiotic factors of living things in the environment. His conversation with living and inanimate factors and environment in biological and abiotic factors is shambled.

Biological component

Biological components are a living factor of an ecosystem. Some examples of biological components include bacteria, animals, birds, fungi, plants, etc.

Abiotic component

The innovative components are inanimate chemical and physical factors of an ecosystem. These components can be obtained from the atmosphere, landmarks and watermanders. Some examples of abiotic components include sunlight, soil, air, moisture, minerals and more.

Living organisms are classified into biological components, while non -lively components such as sunlight, water, and topography are listed under the abiotic components.

Ecosystem

Ecology can be divided into different types. Various types of ecology are provided below.

Global ecology

It is associated with mutual activity between the Earth's ecosystem, land, atmosphere and oceans. It helps in understanding the inner activities and their effects on the planet.

Landscape ecology

It is associated with the exchange of energy, materials, organisms and the rest of the ecosystems. Landscape puts light on the role of human effects on ecology, landscape structures and functions.

Ecosystem ecosystem

It belongs to the entire ecosystem, under which the study of their relations with living and inanimate components and environment is shambled. This science researches how ecosystems function, as well as their interaction etc.

Community ecology

It is associated with how the community structure is revised by the interaction between living organisms. The ecological community is formed from two or more populations of various species living in a particular geographical area .

Population ecology

It is associated with factors that convert and affect the size of genetic structure and population of organisms. Ecological scientists are interested in any other conversation with ups and downs in the size of the population, growth of population and population.

In biology, the population can be defined as a group of individuals of the same species living at some place in a scheduled time. Birth and immigration are the main factors to increase population and death and migration are the major factors that reduce population.

The population checks the ecosystem population distribution and density. The population density is due to the number of individuals in a given volume or area. This helps in determining whether a major species is in crisis or its number is to be controlled and resources are to be compensated.

Creature ecology

Biological ecological environmental challenges are the study of a personal organism, physiology, morphology in the north of environmental challenges. It sees how individual organisms do mutual action with biological and inorganic components. Ecologicalians do research, how organisms adapt to these inanimate and living components of their surroundings. Personal species are associated with a lot of adaptation such as physical adaptation, morphological adaptation and behavioural adaptation

Molecular ecology

The study of ecology focuses on protein yield. Also, how these proteins affect organisms and their environment. Explain that it happens at the molecular level. DNA creates protein, which talks with each other and the environment. These interactions give rise to some complex organisms.

Rabi crops are ripe and ready in the month of March, at this time it is very important for the farmers to keep many things in mind. Here you will know how to do your agricultural work easily in this month. 

Pulse crops 

In the month of March, gram, pea, and lentil crops  are more affected by pests and diseases. There is a huge infestation of borer insects in gram crop, they cause damage by sucking the juice from the leaves and soft parts of the plants. For chemical control of this insect, mix 1 liter of Monocrotophos in 600-800 liters of water and spray it per hectare or instead you can also use 250 ml of Emamectin Benzoate. 

To reduce the effect of this pest on lentil beans, dissolve 750 ml of fenvalerate chemical or 1 liter of monocrotophos in 600-800 liters of water and spray it. Also, to control aphids in pea and lentil cultivation, mix 2 liters of Malathion 50 EC or 1 liter of Pharmathion 25 EC in 600-700 liters of water and spray it per hectare. 

Also read: Preparation to control the prices of lentils

Urad and moong are also sown in the month of March i.e. summer. There are different varieties of moong and urad which are sown in March. Some of the improved varieties of urad are: Azad urad, Pant urad 19, PDU 1, KU 300, KU 479, LU 391 and Pant urad 35. Apart from this, there are some improved varieties of moong like Meha, Malviya, Jagrati, Samrat, Pusha Vaishakhi and Jyoti etc.

Wheat and Barley  

At this time, while cultivating wheat and barley, the farmer should keep doing irrigation work from time to time. In wheat and barley cultivation, the field should be watered at an interval of 15-20 days. But keep in mind that never do irrigation work in the field during strong winds. If irrigation work is done during strong winds, there is a fear of the crop falling. Wheat and barley are more susceptible to yellow rust disease during changing seasons . If you see black flowers in the wheat crop, pluck them and throw them away or bury them well in the soil. 

Due to high temperatures, yellow leaves of wheat turn into leaves with black stripes. To prevent this disease, farmers should spray Propiconazole 25 EC at the rate of 1%. If the disease is more prevalent, it can be sprayed again. This chemical medicine is also sprayed to control Karnal Bunt's disease. 

Also read: Talk about wheat crop with the farmer

If there is aphid disease in the wheat crop, then mix 2 ml dimethoate or 20 grams imidacloprid in 1000 liters of water and spray it per hectare. If the infestation is severe then it can be sprayed again.

Sowing of summer fodder crops 

Summer fodder crops like guar, cowpea, jowar, maize, and millet are grown by farmers for animal fodder . Fodder crops can be easily grown in this season. For good yield of fodder crops, farmers should select the right seeds. The farmer should treat the seeds before sowing. For seed treatment, the farmer can use 2.5 grams of Thiram and Babistin in 1 kg of seeds.

Seed production in Barseem 

Barseem is a fodder crop, which is mainly grown for animal fodder. Barseem harvesting should be stopped from the second week of March. If you want to grow Barseem seeds then do not let the moisture in the field get exhausted. Until the Barseem flowers and produces grains, it should be irrigated. After the germination of seeds, a micronutrient mixture can be sprayed on the plants. This results in higher seed yield. After the flowering of Barseem, problems like weeds are also seen in it, uproot the weed plants at the same time and throw them away.

Sugarcane Sowing 

Sugarcane is cultivated in Northern India in the month of March. To cultivate sugarcane, it is important for the seed pieces of sugarcane to remain disease-free. Using Pedi seeds increases the chances of the crop getting affected by diseases. Therefore, treat the sugarcane seed pieces before sowing. For seed treatment, farmers should soak sugarcane seed pieces in 2 grams of Babistin for 15 minutes. 

Also read: There will be no disease if winter sugarcane is sown scientifically

After harvesting of Rabi crop, farmers can sow green manure crops to increase the fertility of the land. Green crops include Dhencha, Sanai, Cowpea, and Guar. Mostly pulse crops are grown by farmers for green manure. Along with improving the physical condition of the soil, these crops also increase the amount of organic matter in the soil. By using green manure, less fertilizer is required in the second crop.

Farmers must get the soil of the field tested for best crop yield. Soil Health Cards will have to be made to get the soil tested. The government is running various schemes to benefit the farmers. Farmers can get the best yield of the crop. For this, Soil Health Card Scheme is being run. Under this scheme, farmers get the soil of their fields tested. After getting the investigation done, they do farming on the basis of the report, which costs them much less. Also, the production is quite good.

Laboratories have been created to test the soil of farmers' fields. Where scientists prepare a list of properties and defects present in it after examining the soil. This list contains information and accurate advice related to the soil. Farmers get better crop yield by farming under soil health cards. Also, the balance of the soil remains stable.

How to make a Soil Health Card

To prepare Soil Health Card, farmer brothers, you first have to go to the official website soilhealth.dac.gov.in. After that, login by filling the information sought on the home page. Now select the state when the page opens. If you are applying for the first time, you will have to select the option of registered new user. Farmer brothers fill all the details sought in the application form correctly. After this, click on the submit button. If they face any problem, they can also contact the helpline number 011-24305591 and 011-24305948. At the same time, e-mail can also be made on helpdesk-soil@gov.in.

Also read: Soil conservation method and its benefits

Benefits of Soil Health Card Scheme

For your information, let you know that under this scheme, any Indian farmer can easily get the soil of his farm tested. Through this card, farmers can get information about which nutrients are lacking in the soil. Also, how much water to use and which crop to cultivate will give them more profit. After the card is created, the farmer is provided information about productive capacity, moisture level in the soil, soil health, quality as well as ways to improve the weaknesses of the soil.

Healthy soil plays an important role in managing plant diseases by the medium of different mutually connected systems, which contribute to the overall health of plants. The ecological system of a soil which is rich in nutrients and has balanced microorganisms and has a good physical structure reduces the chances of plant diseases to a very low extent. Healthy soil works for plants against pathogens as a frontline defence. 

Balancing nutrients 

Healthy soul provides an optimal balance of essential nutrients for the development of plants. A sufficient level of micronutrients like nitrogen, Phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients are important to strengthen the immune system in plants. Plants with a balanced amount of nutrients are more capable of recovering from infection and diseases. Plants become susceptible to different diseases because of lack of nutrients in soil.

Microbial variation 

A vivid and enriched microbial community is helpful in suppressing diseases in plants. Essential microorganisms, like some bacteria and fungus, establish a symbiosis with plants, promote health growth and increase protecting power to fight pathogens in plants. The variety of microorganisms create a competitive situation which controls the spread of germs. I always try to explain with the help of my different articles that soil is of two types- one living soil and a non living soil. living soil is that which has plenty of microbials and the soil which has deficit amount of microbials is said to be non living soil so we should always try to increase the amount of microbials in the soil and we should not do any such thing which is not suitable to microbials living inside the soil. Due to indiscriminate use of agriculture chemicals the amount of microbials in our soil is decreasing and soil is getting converted from living to non living. Today on the account of world soil Health day we need to take the oath that we won't do any such thing which will result in making the soil nonliving.

Structure of soil and aeration 

Structured soil along with good aeration provides optimal root growth to plants and also helps in increasing the absorption power of nutrients. Strong and healthy roots are more resistant to diseases and a good structure of soil can prevent water accumulation which is often accompanied with root diseases.

Oppressive soil

Some soil shows natural oppression against some specific plant pathogens. This is considered responsible for the presence of some anti microorganisms and substances which alters the growth of pathogens. Understanding the nature of oppressive soil and its implementation can be an effective strategy against plant diseases.

Induced systemic resistance (ISR)

Healthy soil develops systemic resistance in plants. When plants interact with some essential microorganisms or compounds, then they activate their defence system. This induced systemic resistance increases their immunity against pathogens.

Biological disease control 

Healthy soil is a store to useful organisms which play an important role as biological control agents. Predatory nematodes, parasitic fungi and other organisms controlling their numbers, hunt on plant pathogens. These natural enemies are provided help in managing environment suitable diseases and sustainability when integrated into soil.

Humus and carbonic matter

Humus obtained from decomposed carbonic matter improves the structure, water holding capacity and nutrients. Apart  from this, carbonic matter increases activity of useful microorganisms, which improves the ecology of soil which makes it less suitable for pathogens to live. 

Deduction in plant diseases by means of crop rotation 

Crop rotation is a method which helps in maintaining soil health. By planting crops with variations, farmers interrupt the life cycle of pathogens and pests. It reduces accumulation of pathogens in soil and the danger of infection reduces. 

Soil pH regulation

The level of pH in soil affects the availability of nutrients and microbial activities in the soil. Maintaining correct pH for every specific crop creates an environment which supports plants' health. Some pathogens grow in acidic and some in alkaline, and well adjusted pH limits their effect.

Flexibility against environment stress

Healthy soil provides protection against dry or very high temperatures. Plants grown in soil enriched with nutrients, well structured soil are able to bear up stress suitably, which makes them less sensitive towards opportunistic pathogens which targets weak plants.

Summary 

Healthy soil plays a mutual and multidimensional role in plant disease management. From provision of nutrients to microbial interaction, soil health affects different factors which collectively provide ability to plants to fight disease and recover against diseases. Methods of giving priority to soil health not only supports plant growth but also provide long-term solutions to challenges raised by pathogens.